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Foreign relations of the Marshall Islands

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Foreign relations

The Republic of the Marshall Islands has established bilateral diplomatic relations with 112 countries. Regional cooperation, through membership in various regional and international organizations, is a key element in its foreign policy.[1]

The Marshall Islands became a member of the United Nations on September 17, 1991. The Marshall Islands maintains embassies in the United States, Fiji, South Korea, Japan, and the Republic of China (Taiwan). They also maintain a consulate in Honolulu, Hawaii and in Springdale, Arkansas, United States.

Diplomatic relations

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List of countries which the Marshall Islands maintains diplomatic relations with:

# Country Date[2]
1  United States 21 October 1986
2  Federated States of Micronesia 26 February 1987
3  Australia 8 July 1987
4  Israel 16 September 1987
5  Fiji 22 January 1988
6  Kiribati 4 June 1988
7  New Zealand 17 June 1988
8  Philippines 15 September 1988
9  Papua New Guinea 21 September 1988
10  Japan 9 December 1988
11  Chile 25 January 1990
12  Solomon Islands 23 May 1990
13  Vanuatu 1 August 1990
14  Tuvalu 14 September 1990
15  Samoa 22 October 1990
16  Nauru 22 February 1991
17  South Korea 16 March 1991
18  Germany 23 September 1991
19  Peru 14 November 1991
20  Cyprus 17 November 1991
21  Maldives 16 December 1991
22  Poland 17 December 1991
23  Spain 17 December 1991
24  United Kingdom 2 February 1992
25  Sweden 12 February 1992
26  Greece 14 February 1992
27  Egypt 2 May 1992
28  Vietnam 1 June 1992
29  Costa Rica 15 June 1992
30  Colombia 5 August 1992
31  Russia 6 August 1992
32  Singapore 28 August 1992
33  Denmark 17 September 1992
34  Norway 18 October 1992
35  Slovenia 19 October 1992
36  Saint Lucia 1992
37  Iceland 25 January 1993
38  Finland 26 January 1993
39  Mexico 28 January 1993
40  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 28 January 1993
41  Seychelles 2 February 1993
42  France 19 February 1993
43  Austria 1 March 1993
44  Netherlands 2 March 1993
45  Barbados 23 March 1993
46  Argentina 23 April 1993
47  Belize 30 April 1993
48  Indonesia 21 May 1993
49  Malaysia 4 June 1993
50  Luxembourg 20 July 1993
51  Italy 24 September 1993
52  Thailand 29 October 1993
53  Malta 8 February 1994
—  Holy See 30 December 1994
54  Portugal 10 February 1995
55  Andorra 23 February 1995
56  Kuwait 27 September 1995
57  Cape Verde 1 December 1995
58  Ukraine 22 December 1995
59  Brunei 17 January 1996
60  South Africa 27 January 1996
61  Romania 29 January 1996
62  Belgium 29 May 1996
63  Turkmenistan 8 October 1996
64  Mauritius 23 October 1996
65  India 2 February 1997
66  Canada 14 August 1997
67  Palau 1 August 1998
—  Republic of China 20 November 1998
68  Slovakia 29 January 1999
—  Sovereign Military Order of Malta 3 May 2002
69   Switzerland 22 January 2003
70  North Macedonia 27 February 2003
71  Turkey 11 April 2008
72  Czech Republic 30 April 2009
73  Uruguay 2 December 2009
74  Georgia 18 February 2010
75  Tajikistan 18 February 2010
76  Azerbaijan 10 March 2010[3]
77  United Arab Emirates 3 June 2010
78  Brazil 27 July 2010
79  Morocco 13 September 2010
80  Estonia 12 July 2013
—  Cook Islands 3 September 2013
—  Kosovo 27 October 2013
81  Mongolia 23 May 2015
82  Cuba 28 September 2015
83  Monaco 29 September 2015
84  Kyrgyzstan 22 December 2016
85  Cambodia 20 January 2017
86  Myanmar 21 April 2017
87  Guatemala 20 July 2017
88  El Salvador 22 September 2017
89  Saint Kitts and Nevis 18 December 2018
90  Kazakhstan 12 February 2019
91  Eswatini 15 April 2019
92  Nicaragua 13 June 2019
93  Bosnia and Herzegovina 23 September 2019
94  Dominican Republic 23 September 2019
95  Croatia 24 September 2019
96  Ecuador 24 September 2019
97  Honduras 24 September 2019
98  Liechtenstein 24 September 2019
99  Lithuania 24 September 2019
100  East Timor 25 September 2019
101  Algeria 26 September 2019
102  Lebanon 26 September 2019
103  Paraguay 26 September 2019
104  Hungary 27 September 2019
105  Ireland 8 January 2021[4]
106  Latvia 19 September 2022[5]
107  Tonga 21 September 2022[6]
108  Jamaica 23 September 2022[3]
109  Bulgaria 12 June 2023[3]
110    Nepal 23 June 2023[3]
111  Qatar 12 July 2023[3]
112  Pakistan 26 January 2024[3]
113  Benin 2 July 2024[3]
—  Niue 26 August 2024[7][8]
114  Saudi Arabia 5 September 2024[3]
115  Panama 23 September 2024[3]
116  Gambia 25 September 2024[9]
117  Rwanda 25 September 2024[3]
118  Burkina Faso 26 September 2024[3]
119  Serbia 27 September 2024[3]
120  San Marino 28 September 2024[10]

Bilateral relations

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Country Notes
 India See India–Marshall Islands relations

As per the Ministry of External Affairs of the Government of India, India established diplomatic relations with Republic of the Marshall Islands in April 1995. Development assistance from India has included a grant of US$100,000 in June 2008 for a solar street lighting project in the capital city of Majuro and grant of 5 ITEC scholarships in November 2010. Marshall Islands has been supportive of issues of importance to India, particularly Indian candidature to international organizations. It supported India's candidature for the non-permanent membership of the UN Security Council for the 2011–12 term. Presently, there are about 10 Indian nationals in the Marshall Islands.[11]

 Israel See Israel–Marshall Islands relations
 Kosovo See Kosovo–Marshall Islands relations

The Marshall Islands officially recognised the independence of the Republic of Kosovo on the 17 April 2008.[12]

 Micronesia See Marshall Islands–Federated States of Micronesia relations

The Marshall Islands and Micronesia share very good relations, as they are both bound by Compacts of Free Association with the United States.

 Mexico
  • Marshall Islands does not have an accreditation to Mexico
  • Mexico is accredited to the Marshall Islands from its embassy in Manila, Philippines.[13][14]
 Palau See Marshall Islands–Palau relations

The Marshall Islands and Palau share very good relations, as they are both bound by Compacts of Free Association with the United States.

 South Korea See Marshall Islands–South Korea relations

The Republic of the Marshall Islands and Republic of Korea have good diplomatic relations.

  • Bilateral trade of both countries in 2020 were about 4.83 billion $.[15]
 Turkey
 United States See Marshall Islands–United States relations

The Marshall Islands and the United States maintain a strong and stable relationship under the Compact of Free Association. The US has full responsibility in the country's defense, financial aid, and social services. In return, the U.S. provides healthcare services, security, and freedom of movement between U.S., American Samoan, and Marshall Islander citizens. In international politics, Marshall Islands has often voted with the United States with respect to United Nations General Assembly resolutions.[17]

Human rights criticisms

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Hong Kong national security law
In June 2020, the Marshall Islands openly opposed the Hong Kong national security law.[20]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Countries with which the Marshall Islands has Diplomatic Relations" (PDF). U.S. Department of the Interior. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 December 2021. Retrieved 31 March 2018.
  2. ^ "LISTING OF ALL COUNTRIES WHICH HAVE ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH THE REPUBLIC OF THE MARSHALL ISLANDS (As of 13 February 2019)". Archived from the original on 18 July 2023. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Diplomatic relations between Marshall Islands and ..." United Nations Digital Library. Archived from the original on 7 October 2021. Retrieved 7 October 2021.
  4. ^ "Pat Bourne". 8 January 2021. Archived from the original on 3 January 2022. Retrieved 5 February 2022.
  5. ^ "On the margins of UNGA had a very good meeting with Foreign Minister of Marshall Islands Kitlang Kabua, we signed Protocol on the establishment of diplomatic relations and discussed mutual cooperation in the international organisations". 19 September 2022. Archived from the original on 8 December 2022. Retrieved 19 September 2022.
  6. ^ "President David Kabua had a pleasant meeting today with Prime Minister Siaosi Sovaleni and established diplomatic relations with Tonga. The Marshall Islands looks forward to improving bilateral relations & strengthening regional & multilateral partnerships with Tonga". 21 September 2022. Archived from the original on 21 September 2022. Retrieved 21 September 2022.
  7. ^ "Niue establishes Diplomatic Relations with Marshall Islands Government". 30 August 2024. Retrieved 30 August 2024.
  8. ^ "Government of Niue establishes diplomatic relations with the Republic of the Marshall Islands". Office of the Secretary of Government NIUE on Facebook. 26 August 2024. Retrieved 31 August 2024.
  9. ^ "The Republic of the Marshall Islands Established Diplomatic Relations with the Republic of The Gambia". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Republic of the Marshall Islands on Facebook. 29 September 2024. Retrieved 1 October 2024.
  10. ^ "The Republic of the Marshall Islands Establish Diplomatic Relations with San Marino". Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Republic of the Marshall Islands on Facebook. 30 September 2024. Retrieved 1 October 2024.
  11. ^ "Embassy /High Commission /Consulate General of India". Archived from the original on 2021-09-02. Retrieved 2011-07-23.
  12. ^ Republic of the Marshall Islands has recognised Kosovo Archived 2013-10-22 at the Wayback Machine, New Kosova Report, 2008-04-17
  13. ^ "Embassy of Mexico in the Philippines". Archived from the original on 2021-07-20. Retrieved 2017-07-21.
  14. ^ Relations between Mexico and Asia: The Philippines (in Spanish)[permanent dead link‍]
  15. ^ "Search | Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea". Archived from the original on 2023-08-10. Retrieved 2023-08-10.
  16. ^ a b c "Relations between Turkey and Marshall Islands". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2020-11-02.
  17. ^ General Assembly – Overall Votes – Comparison with U.S. vote Archived 2019-12-02 at the Wayback Machine lists Marshall Islands as in the country with the second high coincidence of votes. Micronesia has always been in the top two.
  18. ^ "Embassy of the Marshall Islands in the United States". Archived from the original on 2021-12-02. Retrieved 2006-02-15.
  19. ^ "Embassy of the United States in the Marshall Islands". Archived from the original on 2021-11-27. Retrieved 2017-07-21.
  20. ^ Lawler, Dave (2 July 2020). "The 53 countries supporting China's crackdown on Hong Kong". Axios. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
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