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List of Orchidaceae genera

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of genera in the orchid family (Orchidaceae), originally according to The Families of Flowering Plants - L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz. This list is adapted regularly with the changes published in the Orchid Research Newsletter which is published twice a year by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. The most up to date list of accepted genera, natural nothogenera, species and natural nothospecies with their synonyms can be found on the World Checklist of Selected Plants Families Search Page and Plants of the World Online published by the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. This list is reflected on Wikispecies Orchidaceae and the new eMonocot website Orchidaceae Juss.

This taxonomy undergoes constant change, mainly through evidence from DNA study. Orchids were traditionally defined by morphological similarity (structure of their flowers and other parts). However, recent changes to nomenclature have been driven primarily by DNA studies and also by re-examination of herbarium specimens. This has led to a reduction of genera and species as well as re-circumscription of subfamilies, tribes and subtribes. Orchid taxonomy is still being revised and each year about another 150 new species are being discovered. The list of genera alone currently stands just short of 1000 entries.

From a cladistic point of view, the orchid family is considered to be monophyletic, i.e. the group incorporates all the taxa derived from an ancestral group.

The taxonomy of the orchids is explained on the page Taxonomy of the orchid family.

Subfamilies

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There are five recognized subfamilies:[1]

Genera

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As of July 2024, Plants of the World Online accepts 703 genera.[3]

A

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Aerides lawrenciae
Ancistrochilus rothschildianus
Ansellia africana
Ascocentrum miniatum

B

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Barkeria spectabilis
Barkeria shoemakeri
Brassia girouldiana
Brassia maculata

C

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Calanthe triplicata
Chysis bractescens
Chloraea crispa
Cochleanthes amazonica
Coelogyne cristata
Coelogyne tomentosa
Coelogyne speciosa
Comparettia macroplectrum
Comparettia speciosa
Cycnoches peruviana
Cymbidiella pardalina
Cypripedium acaule

D

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E

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Epidendrum radicans
Eria stricta
Vanda sanderiana (syn. Euanthe sanderiana)

F

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G

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Gastrochilus japonicus
Gomesa crispa
Gomesa recurva

H

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Haraella retrocalla

I

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J

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K

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L

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Leptotes bicolor
Ludisia discolor
Lycaste Cassiopeia (a cultivar)

M

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Macodes lowii
Macodes petola
Maxillaria cucullata
Maxillaria picta
Mexicoa ghiesbrechtiana
Oncidium schroederianum

N

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O

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Oerstedella centropetalla
Oncidium noezlianum
Ornithophora radicans

P

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Phaius tankervilleae
Northern green orchid (Platanthera hyperborea)
Western prairie fringed orchid (Platanthera praeclara)
Polystachya pubescens
Prosthechea cochleata
Prosthechea garciana
Prosthechea radiata

Q

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R

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Rhyncholaelia glauca
Rhynchostele bictoniensis
Rhynchostele cordatum
Rossioglossum ampliatum

S

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Spiranthes romanzoffiana

T

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U

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V

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W

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X

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Y

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Z

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  • Epidendrum ibaguense
    Epidendrum ibaguense
  • Epidendrum parkinsonianum
    Epidendrum parkinsonianum
  • Epidendrum stamfordianum
    Epidendrum stamfordianum
  • Maxillaria rufescens
    Maxillaria rufescens
  • Maxillaria tenuifolia
    Maxillaria tenuifolia
  • Rhynchostlis gigantea
    Rhynchostlis gigantea
  • Sarcochilus hartmannii
    Sarcochilus hartmannii
  • Schomburgkia undulata
    Schomburgkia undulata
  • Late-flowering ladies'-tresses (Spiranthes magnicamporum)
    Late-flowering ladies'-tresses (Spiranthes magnicamporum)
  • Nodding ladies'-tresses (Spiranthes cernua)
    Nodding ladies'-tresses (Spiranthes cernua)
  • Stenoglottis longifolia
    Stenoglottis longifolia
  • Moon orchid (Phalaenopsis amabilis)
    Moon orchid (Phalaenopsis amabilis)
  • Dendrobium hybrid
    Dendrobium hybrid
  • Phantom orchid (Cephalanthera rubra var. alba)
    Phantom orchid (Cephalanthera rubra var. alba)
  • Thrixspermum saruwatarii
    Thrixspermum saruwatarii
  • Early Purple orchid (Orchis mascula)
    Early Purple orchid (Orchis mascula)

References

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  1. ^ Chase, Mark W.; Cameron, Kenneth M.; Freudenstein, John V.; Pridgeon, Alec M.; Salazar, Gerardo; van den Berg, Cássio; Schuiteman, André (2015). "An updated classification of Orchidaceae". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 177 (2): 151–174. doi:10.1111/boj.12234. ISSN 0024-4074.
  2. ^ "Types of Orchids: A Visual Compendium". FTD.com. 1 March 2018. Retrieved 11 December 2021.
  3. ^ Orchidaceae Juss. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 6 July 2024.
  • The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) (2000).
  • Dressler, R.L. (1993). Phylogeny and Classification of the Orchid Family. Cambridge Univ. Press
  • Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (1999). Genera Orchidacearum 1. Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2001). Genera Orchidacearum 2. Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2003). Genera Orchidacearum 3. Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Berg Pana, H. 2005. Handbuch der Orchideen-Namen. Dictionary of Orchid Names. Dizionario dei nomi delle orchidee. Ulmer, Stuttgart
  • Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2006). Genera Orchidacearum 4. Oxford Univ. Press.
  • Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.A. & Rasmussen, F. eds. (2009). Genera Orchidacearum 5. Oxford Univ. Press
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